diff --git a/.env.example b/.env.example
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..641a5d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.env.example
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Runtime env (set in PM2 ecosystem on the websites VM — not committed)
+
+# Secret for POST /api/revalidate (on-demand cache purge after CMS publish)
+REVALIDATE_SECRET=
diff --git a/src/app/aboutus/page.tsx b/src/app/aboutus/page.tsx
index 3ad647c..bd408ad 100644
--- a/src/app/aboutus/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/aboutus/page.tsx
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ import { Reveal } from "@/components/Reveal";
 import { SiteFooter } from "@/components/SiteFooter";
 import { SiteHeader } from "@/components/SiteHeader";
 import { aboutPage } from "@/data/site";
-import { getPortfolios, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
+import { getRecentPortfolios, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
+
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 export const metadata: Metadata = {
   title: "درباره ما",
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ export const metadata: Metadata = {
 };
 
 export default async function AboutPage() {
-  const portfolios = await getPortfolios();
+  const portfolios = await getRecentPortfolios(12);
   const displayProjects = portfolios.map(toDisplayProject);
 
   return (
diff --git a/src/app/api/revalidate/route.ts b/src/app/api/revalidate/route.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a8662df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/app/api/revalidate/route.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import { revalidatePath, revalidateTag } from "next/cache";
+import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
+
+type RevalidateBody = {
+  /** Revalidate a fetch cache tag (portfolios, blogs, portfolio:slug, blog:slug, …). */
+  tag?: string;
+  /** Revalidate a path (/portfolios/foo, /, …). */
+  path?: string;
+  /** Shorthand: portfolios | blogs | all */
+  scope?: "portfolios" | "blogs" | "all";
+};
+
+/**
+ * On-demand cache purge — call after CMS publish/update.
+ *
+ * POST /api/revalidate
+ * Header: x-revalidate-secret: <REVALIDATE_SECRET>
+ * Body (JSON, optional): { "scope": "all" } | { "tag": "portfolios" } | { "path": "/portfolios/item" }
+ *
+ * nginx may still serve cached HTML for up to its TTL (5m) unless purged separately.
+ */
+export async function POST(req: NextRequest) {
+  const secret = process.env.REVALIDATE_SECRET;
+  if (!secret) {
+    return NextResponse.json({ ok: false, error: "REVALIDATE_SECRET not configured" }, { status: 503 });
+  }
+
+  const provided =
+    req.headers.get("x-revalidate-secret") ?? req.nextUrl.searchParams.get("secret");
+  if (provided !== secret) {
+    return NextResponse.json({ ok: false, error: "Unauthorized" }, { status: 401 });
+  }
+
+  let body: RevalidateBody = {};
+  try {
+    body = (await req.json()) as RevalidateBody;
+  } catch {
+    body = {};
+  }
+
+  const scope = body.scope ?? "all";
+  const revalidated: string[] = [];
+
+  if (body.tag) {
+    revalidateTag(body.tag);
+    revalidated.push(`tag:${body.tag}`);
+  } else if (body.path) {
+    revalidatePath(body.path);
+    revalidated.push(`path:${body.path}`);
+  } else if (scope === "portfolios" || scope === "all") {
+    revalidateTag("portfolios");
+    revalidatePath("/");
+    revalidatePath("/portfolios");
+    revalidatePath("/aboutus");
+    revalidatePath("/our-services");
+    revalidated.push("scope:portfolios");
+  }
+
+  if (scope === "blogs" || scope === "all") {
+    revalidateTag("blogs");
+    revalidateTag("blogs:news");
+    revalidatePath("/news");
+    revalidatePath("/blog");
+    revalidatePath("/news-and-blog");
+    revalidated.push("scope:blogs");
+  }
+
+  return NextResponse.json({ ok: true, revalidated, at: new Date().toISOString() });
+}
diff --git a/src/app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx b/src/app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx
index 25f421b..1d7920a 100644
--- a/src/app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import { notFound } from "next/navigation";
 import { NewsArticleDetail } from "@/components/news/NewsArticleDetail";
 import { SiteFooter } from "@/components/SiteFooter";
 import { SiteHeader } from "@/components/SiteHeader";
-import { getBlogArticles, getBlogBySlug, toDisplayNewsItem } from "@/lib/api";
+import { getBlogBySlug, getBlogSlugs, toDisplayNewsItem } from "@/lib/api";
 
-export const revalidate = 3600;
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 async function getBlogArticleBySlug(slug: string) {
   const item = await getBlogBySlug(slug);
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ async function getBlogArticleBySlug(slug: string) {
 }
 
 export async function generateStaticParams() {
-  const posts = await getBlogArticles();
-  return posts.map((item) => ({ slug: item.slug }));
+  const slugs = await getBlogSlugs();
+  return slugs.map((slug) => ({ slug }));
 }
 
 export async function generateMetadata({
diff --git a/src/app/blog/page.tsx b/src/app/blog/page.tsx
index 67b11e7..7dc3609 100644
--- a/src/app/blog/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/blog/page.tsx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export const metadata: Metadata = {
   description: "فهرست کامل مقالات منتشرشده‌ی گروه ساختمانی رئوفی.",
 };
 
-export const revalidate = 3600;
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 export default async function BlogListPage({
   searchParams,
diff --git a/src/app/news-and-blog/page.tsx b/src/app/news-and-blog/page.tsx
index ec4797c..3512051 100644
--- a/src/app/news-and-blog/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/news-and-blog/page.tsx
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export const metadata: Metadata = {
   description: "آخرین اخبار، رویدادها و مقالات گروه ساختمانی رئوفی.",
 };
 
-export const revalidate = 3600;
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 export default async function NewsAndBlogPage() {
   const posts = await getBlogs();
diff --git a/src/app/news/[slug]/page.tsx b/src/app/news/[slug]/page.tsx
index afa6862..a9ec07d 100644
--- a/src/app/news/[slug]/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/news/[slug]/page.tsx
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import { notFound } from "next/navigation";
 import { NewsArticleDetail } from "@/components/news/NewsArticleDetail";
 import { SiteFooter } from "@/components/SiteFooter";
 import { SiteHeader } from "@/components/SiteHeader";
-import { getBlogBySlug, getBlogs, toDisplayNewsItem } from "@/lib/api";
+import { getBlogBySlug, getBlogSlugs, toDisplayNewsItem } from "@/lib/api";
 
-export const revalidate = 3600;
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 async function getNewsBySlug(slug: string) {
   const item = await getBlogBySlug(slug);
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ async function getNewsBySlug(slug: string) {
 }
 
 export async function generateStaticParams() {
-  const posts = await getBlogs("news");
-  return posts.map((item) => ({ slug: item.slug }));
+  const slugs = await getBlogSlugs("news");
+  return slugs.map((slug) => ({ slug }));
 }
 
 export async function generateMetadata({
diff --git a/src/app/news/page.tsx b/src/app/news/page.tsx
index 7659f0c..2dacd35 100644
--- a/src/app/news/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/news/page.tsx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export const metadata: Metadata = {
   description: "فهرست کامل اخبار و رویدادهای منتشرشده‌ی گروه ساختمانی رئوفی.",
 };
 
-export const revalidate = 3600;
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 export default async function NewsListPage({
   searchParams,
diff --git a/src/app/our-services/page.tsx b/src/app/our-services/page.tsx
index ba53888..6dad94d 100644
--- a/src/app/our-services/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/our-services/page.tsx
@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ import { ProjectGallery } from "@/components/shared/ProjectGallery";
 import { SiteFooter } from "@/components/SiteFooter";
 import { SiteHeader } from "@/components/SiteHeader";
 import { servicesPage } from "@/data/site";
-import { getPortfolios, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
+import { getRecentPortfolios, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
+
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 export const metadata: Metadata = {
   title: "خدمات ما",
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ export const metadata: Metadata = {
 };
 
 export default async function ServicesPage() {
-  const portfolios = await getPortfolios();
+  const portfolios = await getRecentPortfolios(12);
   const displayProjects = portfolios.map(toDisplayProject);
 
   return (
diff --git a/src/app/page.tsx b/src/app/page.tsx
index 075fcea..20a1fd2 100644
--- a/src/app/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/page.tsx
@@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ import { Services } from "@/components/Services";
 import { SiteFooter } from "@/components/SiteFooter";
 import { SiteHeader } from "@/components/SiteHeader";
 import { contact, site } from "@/data/site";
-import { getBlogs, getPortfolios, toDisplayNewsItem, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
+import { getRecentNews, getRecentPortfolios, toDisplayNewsItem, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
+
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 const organizationJsonLd = {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
@@ -29,9 +31,9 @@ const organizationJsonLd = {
 };
 
 export default async function HomePage() {
-  const [portfolios, newsPosts] = await Promise.all([getPortfolios(), getBlogs("news")]);
+  const [portfolios, newsPosts] = await Promise.all([getRecentPortfolios(12), getRecentNews(3)]);
   const displayProjects = portfolios.map(toDisplayProject);
-  const displayNews = newsPosts.slice(0, 3).map(toDisplayNewsItem);
+  const displayNews = newsPosts.map(toDisplayNewsItem);
 
   return (
     <>
diff --git a/src/app/portfolios/[slug]/page.tsx b/src/app/portfolios/[slug]/page.tsx
index 41549e3..2933681 100644
--- a/src/app/portfolios/[slug]/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/portfolios/[slug]/page.tsx
@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ import { PageHero } from "@/components/shared/PageHero";
 import { SiteFooter } from "@/components/SiteFooter";
 import { SiteHeader } from "@/components/SiteHeader";
 import { portfoliosPage, projectVideos } from "@/data/site";
-import { getPortfolioBySlug, getPortfolios, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
+import { getPortfolioBySlug, getPortfolioSlugs, toDisplayProject } from "@/lib/api";
 
-export const revalidate = 3600;
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 export async function generateStaticParams() {
-  const portfolios = await getPortfolios();
-  return portfolios.map((item) => ({ slug: item.slug }));
+  const slugs = await getPortfolioSlugs();
+  return slugs.map((slug) => ({ slug }));
 }
 
 export async function generateMetadata({
diff --git a/src/app/portfolios/page.tsx b/src/app/portfolios/page.tsx
index 68be5e2..7168db5 100644
--- a/src/app/portfolios/page.tsx
+++ b/src/app/portfolios/page.tsx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ export const metadata: Metadata = {
   description: "نمونه‌کارهای منتشرشده‌ی گروه ساختمانی رئوفی، از پروژه‌های مسکونی تا برج‌های اداری-تجاری.",
 };
 
-export const revalidate = 3600;
+export const revalidate = 300; // keep in sync with api.ts PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS
 
 export default async function PortfoliosPage() {
   const portfolios = await getPortfolios();
diff --git a/src/lib/api.ts b/src/lib/api.ts
index 0d02144..f7bc61c 100644
--- a/src/lib/api.ts
+++ b/src/lib/api.ts
@@ -17,8 +17,15 @@ import { cache } from "react";
 const API_BASE = "https://api.meshkee.com/api/v1";
 const SITE_DOMAIN = "raoofigroup.com";
 
-/** How long fetched portfolio data is cached before Next.js revalidates it. */
-const REVALIDATE_SECONDS = 3600;
+/** Page-level ISR — kept in sync with fetch revalidate below. */
+export const PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS = 300;
+
+/** List endpoints refresh more often; detail payloads are heavier so TTL is slightly longer. */
+const REVALIDATE_LIST_SECONDS = PAGE_REVALIDATE_SECONDS;
+const REVALIDATE_DETAIL_SECONDS = 600;
+
+/** Default page size when paginating tenant list endpoints. */
+const LIST_PAGE_SIZE = 24;
 
 /**
  * api.meshkee.com has been observed to hang for minutes at a time rather than
@@ -59,11 +66,19 @@ type PortfoliosResponse = {
   pageSize: number;
 };
 
-async function apiFetch(path: string): Promise<Response> {
+type FetchOptions = {
+  revalidate?: number;
+  tags?: string[];
+};
+
+async function apiFetch(path: string, options?: FetchOptions): Promise<Response> {
   try {
     return await fetch(`${API_BASE}${path}`, {
       headers: { Accept: "application/json" },
-      next: { revalidate: REVALIDATE_SECONDS },
+      next: {
+        revalidate: options?.revalidate ?? REVALIDATE_LIST_SECONDS,
+        tags: options?.tags,
+      },
       signal: AbortSignal.timeout(REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS),
     });
   } catch (cause) {
@@ -71,8 +86,8 @@ async function apiFetch(path: string): Promise<Response> {
   }
 }
 
-async function apiGet<T>(path: string): Promise<T> {
-  const res = await apiFetch(path);
+async function apiGet<T>(path: string, options?: FetchOptions): Promise<T> {
+  const res = await apiFetch(path, options);
 
   if (!res.ok) {
     throw new Error(`meshkee API ${path} responded ${res.status}`);
@@ -81,8 +96,8 @@ async function apiGet<T>(path: string): Promise<T> {
   return res.json() as Promise<T>;
 }
 
-async function apiGetOptional<T>(path: string): Promise<T | null> {
-  const res = await apiFetch(path);
+async function apiGetOptional<T>(path: string, options?: FetchOptions): Promise<T | null> {
+  const res = await apiFetch(path, options);
 
   if (res.status === 404) {
     return null;
@@ -95,27 +110,81 @@ async function apiGetOptional<T>(path: string): Promise<T | null> {
   return res.json() as Promise<T>;
 }
 
-/** All published portfolio items, every page merged, in the CMS's own order. */
-export const getPortfolios = cache(async (): Promise<ApiPortfolioItem[]> => {
-  const first = await apiGet<PortfoliosResponse>(`/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/portfolios`);
+/** Drop body HTML and gallery arrays from list responses — not needed for cards/grids. */
+function stripListHeavyFields<T extends ApiPortfolioItem | ApiBlogItem>(item: T): T {
+  return {
+    ...item,
+    mainTextHtml: "",
+    gallery: [],
+    galleryMediaIds: [],
+  };
+}
+
+async function fetchAllPages<T extends { items: unknown[]; total: number; pageSize: number }>(
+  basePath: string,
+  options?: FetchOptions,
+): Promise<T["items"]> {
+  const first = await apiGet<T>(basePath, options);
   const pageCount = Math.ceil(first.total / first.pageSize);
 
   const rest = await Promise.all(
-    Array.from({ length: Math.max(0, pageCount - 1) }, (_, i) =>
-      apiGet<PortfoliosResponse>(`/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/portfolios?page=${i + 2}`),
-    ),
+    Array.from({ length: Math.max(0, pageCount - 1) }, (_, i) => {
+      const separator = basePath.includes("?") ? "&" : "?";
+      return apiGet<T>(`${basePath}${separator}page=${i + 2}`, options);
+    }),
   );
 
-  return [first, ...rest]
-    .flatMap((page) => page.items)
+  return [first, ...rest].flatMap((page) => page.items);
+}
+
+/** All published portfolio items, every page merged, in the CMS's own order. */
+export const getPortfolios = cache(async (): Promise<ApiPortfolioItem[]> => {
+  const items = await fetchAllPages<PortfoliosResponse>(
+    `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/portfolios?page=1&pageSize=${LIST_PAGE_SIZE}`,
+    { tags: ["portfolios"] },
+  );
+
+  return (items as ApiPortfolioItem[])
     .filter((item) => item.status === "published")
-    .sort((a, b) => a.sortOrder - b.sortOrder);
+    .sort((a, b) => a.sortOrder - b.sortOrder)
+    .map(stripListHeavyFields);
+});
+
+/** Recent published portfolios for home / about / services carousels. */
+export const getRecentPortfolios = cache(async (limit = 12): Promise<ApiPortfolioItem[]> => {
+  const pageSize = Math.min(Math.max(limit, 1), 50);
+  const first = await apiGet<PortfoliosResponse>(
+    `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/portfolios?page=1&pageSize=${pageSize}`,
+    { tags: ["portfolios"] },
+  );
+
+  return first.items
+    .filter((item) => item.status === "published")
+    .sort((a, b) => a.sortOrder - b.sortOrder)
+    .slice(0, limit)
+    .map(stripListHeavyFields);
+});
+
+/** Slugs only — for generateStaticParams without retaining full list payloads. */
+export const getPortfolioSlugs = cache(async (): Promise<string[]> => {
+  const items = await fetchAllPages<PortfoliosResponse>(
+    `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/portfolios?page=1&pageSize=${LIST_PAGE_SIZE}`,
+    { tags: ["portfolios"] },
+  );
+
+  return (items as ApiPortfolioItem[])
+    .filter((item) => item.status === "published")
+    .map((item) => item.slug);
 });
 
 /** Single portfolio by slug — avoids loading the full list on detail pages. */
 export const getPortfolioBySlug = cache(async (slug: string): Promise<ApiPortfolioItem | null> => {
   const data = await apiGetOptional<{ portfolio: ApiPortfolioItem }>(
     `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/portfolios/${encodeURIComponent(slug)}`,
+    {
+      revalidate: REVALIDATE_DETAIL_SECONDS,
+      tags: ["portfolios", `portfolio:${slug}`],
+    },
   );
 
   const item = data?.portfolio;
@@ -234,30 +303,57 @@ type BlogsResponse = {
   pageSize: number;
 };
 
+function blogListPath(type?: BlogType): string {
+  const query = type ? `?type=${type}` : "";
+  const prefix = `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/blogs${query}`;
+  const separator = query ? "&" : "?";
+  return `${prefix}${separator}page=1&pageSize=${LIST_PAGE_SIZE}`;
+}
+
 /** All published blog/news items, every page merged. Optionally filtered by `type`. */
 export const getBlogs = cache(async (type?: BlogType): Promise<ApiBlogItem[]> => {
-  const query = type ? `?type=${type}` : "";
-  const first = await apiGet<BlogsResponse>(`/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/blogs${query}`);
-  const pageCount = Math.ceil(first.total / first.pageSize);
+  const tag = type ? `blogs:${type}` : "blogs";
+  const items = await fetchAllPages<BlogsResponse>(blogListPath(type), { tags: [tag, "blogs"] });
 
-  const rest = await Promise.all(
-    Array.from({ length: Math.max(0, pageCount - 1) }, (_, i) =>
-      apiGet<BlogsResponse>(
-        `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/blogs${query}${query ? "&" : "?"}page=${i + 2}`,
-      ),
-    ),
+  return (items as ApiBlogItem[])
+    .filter((item) => item.status === "published")
+    .sort((a, b) => a.sortOrder - b.sortOrder)
+    .map(stripListHeavyFields);
+});
+
+/** Recent news posts for the home page carousel. */
+export const getRecentNews = cache(async (limit = 3): Promise<ApiBlogItem[]> => {
+  const pageSize = Math.min(Math.max(limit, 1), 50);
+  const first = await apiGet<BlogsResponse>(
+    `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/blogs?type=news&page=1&pageSize=${pageSize}`,
+    { tags: ["blogs", "blogs:news"] },
   );
 
-  return [first, ...rest]
-    .flatMap((page) => page.items)
+  return first.items
     .filter((item) => item.status === "published")
-    .sort((a, b) => a.sortOrder - b.sortOrder);
+    .sort((a, b) => a.sortOrder - b.sortOrder)
+    .slice(0, limit)
+    .map(stripListHeavyFields);
+});
+
+/** Slugs for generateStaticParams. */
+export const getBlogSlugs = cache(async (type?: BlogType): Promise<string[]> => {
+  const tag = type ? `blogs:${type}` : "blogs";
+  const items = await fetchAllPages<BlogsResponse>(blogListPath(type), { tags: [tag, "blogs"] });
+
+  return (items as ApiBlogItem[])
+    .filter((item) => item.status === "published" && (type ? item.type === type : item.type !== "news"))
+    .map((item) => item.slug);
 });
 
 /** Single blog/news item by slug — avoids loading the full list on detail pages. */
 export const getBlogBySlug = cache(async (slug: string): Promise<ApiBlogItem | null> => {
   const data = await apiGetOptional<{ blog: ApiBlogItem }>(
     `/tenants/${SITE_DOMAIN}/blogs/${encodeURIComponent(slug)}`,
+    {
+      revalidate: REVALIDATE_DETAIL_SECONDS,
+      tags: ["blogs", `blog:${slug}`],
+    },
   );
 
   const item = data?.blog;